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A key goal of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is to change dysfunctional thought patterns. CBT operates on the premise that our thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are interconnected, and that changing negative or irrational thoughts can lead to changes in emotions and behaviors. By identifying and challenging these dysfunctional thought patterns, clients can develop healthier ways of thinking, ultimately leading to improved mental health and emotional well-being. This therapeutic approach is particularly effective in treating anxiety and depression, where distorted thinking often plays a significant role in the individual's experience.

The focus of CBT is on the present and practical changes rather than delving into unconscious processes or unresolved past experiences, which is why analyzing dream content or exploring past experiences is not central to this form of therapy. Similarly, while spiritual growth can be a component of some therapeutic approaches, it is not a primary goal of CBT, which emphasizes cognitive restructuring as a means to alleviate psychological distress.